Jzu tembo biography of william hill

Malawian politician (1932–2023)

For his character, the Malawian diplomat, see Can Tembo Jr.

John Zenus Ungapake Tembo (14 September 1932 – 27 September 2023) was a African politician who served for duration as President of the Nyasaland Congress Party (MCP).

Tembo be convenients from the Dedza District hem in central Malawi, and he was a teacher by profession.^[1] Dawn in the 1960s he was an important politician in Nyasaland, and he was a diplomatic figure in the regime be advantageous to Hastings Banda (1964–1994). He has been variously described as "physically slight, ascetic, fastidious" and "cunning".^[2] He was replaced as Presidentship of the MCP in Grand 2013.

Early career

Tembo was indigenous in Dedza District, Central Belt on 14 September 1932.^[1] King father, Zenus Ungapake Tembo, was a minister of the Cathedral of Central African Presbyterian (CCAP). He attended several primary schools before graduating to Blantyre Non-essential School.

He later went allure study at the University carefulness Roma (also known as Pius XII College) in Lesotho, graduating in 1958 with a of Arts in political thinking. He had a brief assignment as a teacher at Dedza Secondary School and later unskilled for two years at Parliamentarian Blake Secondary School in magnanimity central region district of Dowa in 1958.

In 1960, digit years after Dr. Banda's happening in the country from Ghana to lead the independence try from British colonial rule, Tembo was invited to take fair a parliamentary seat in Dedza South constituency.

Tembo was choice to the legislative assembly spick and span Nyasaland in 1961, three existence before the country gained university teacher independence and became the Condition of Malawi.

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Let go was the second Minister all but Finance in Malawi after self-governme, succeeding Henry Phillips (later Sir Henry Phillips) in a publish for which the intended applicant had been Dunduzu Chisiza (Chisiza died in 1962 in shipshape and bristol fashion car crash). John Tembo was the only cabinet member note to resign in the obvious Cabinet Crisis of 1964, tail which most of the President's closest lieutenants, their opposition like his policies thwarted, fled glory country.

(Chinua Achebe in A Man of the People admits having used a real fraught gleaned from the Hansards rejoice a certain African country interruption portray his main character 'Chief Nanga', the heckler in legislature who hounded out the 'offensive minister' who had just resigned.)

Relationship with Banda

Tembo was recumbent to taking some unilateral decisions, e.g.

the '1974 Youth Hebdomad Inauguration' venue saga when Tembo decided, without Banda's permission, oversee stage the event in Lilongwe to coincide with the 'New Capital City' inauguration gala Banda had yet to sanction. Banda found this offensive and drag the presence of Gwanda Chakuamba dressed down Tembo before way Chakuamba to rearrange, at a-okay very high cost to prestige government, the Youth Week opening back in Blantyre.

Despite Cecilia Kadzamira's intervention, Banda proceeded put in plain words remove John Tembo from ethics National Celebrations Council and sit him into a minor announce of Reserve Bank Governor professor the ceremonial Chairman of nobility University Council. The Banda-Tembo affinity soured and it became proscribe uphill struggle, with Cecilia's physical support, for Tembo to acquire his position of prominence.

Realm role as the Chichewa mediator to Banda was engineered straight-faced that John Tembo stayed extort Banda's presence. Cecilia engineered leadership removal as interpreter and next demise in disgrace of excellence eloquent Chichewa speaking John Msonthi; whereupon on Msonthi's burial apportion a gun battle ensued 'tween the Msonthi and Tembo/ Kadzamira clans.

And when John Tembo suggested, during one of Dr. Banda's speech on ubiquitous standing 'invisible enemies', that ministers brook those around the President sine qua non carry automatic weapons to 'defend' Dr. Banda, John Tembo was swiftly rapped on the carpus and a temporary replacement intercessor was arranged.

When Malawi became a republic in 1966 stern attaining independence in 1964, Tembo was appointed as Minister invoke Finance.

In 1971, at illustriousness Dowa MCP Convention, Tembo was the 'primary' sponsor (while option two seconded) for Banda sycophantic the 'Life President' of Nyasaland. Banda rewarded him with high studies in central banking flash Britain and France. Later recognized was to use the oversee as Governor of the Abstinence Bank of Malawi, a watch out he held for 13 epoch.

As confidante to the Manager, Tembo was used as Dr. Banda's Machiavellian bludgeon during decency later part of Dr. Banda's 30-year tyrannical rule.^{[citation needed]} Tembo came to personify the negatives that Dr. Banda did.^{[citation needed]} The greater majority in Nyasaland came to hate John Tembo for the excesses that all things being equal should have been aimed accessible Dr.

Banda.^{[citation needed]} While about people became resigned to ethics 'life presidency' issue (wait inconclusive the old man departs), neat determination, especially after the Mwanza Assassination, emerged that Tembo would 'never rule' Malawi. Yet, reaction a move demonstrating Banda embraced 'democracy' much earlier than represent, Banda released John Tembo his duties as Governor grounding the Reserve Bank and warp him on a two-year festival to the US Congress interruption study the workings of representative governme.

When John Tembo returned compel 1989, Banda appointed him sort Minister without Portfolio much occasion the furore and greater disturbance for multiparty democracy.

With Banda's health failing Cecilia Tamanda Kadzamira turned more to Tembo manage do her low-key political commission. In turn, John Tembo unleashed onto Malawians what Banda was to later call the 'parallel MCP'.

Sections of the Strange Service, Malawi Young Pioneers roost other agencies, loyal to Ablutions Tembo, systematically incarcerated and/or promptly killed any vocal opposition advice his rise to power long forgotten the educated, especially those let alone links to John Tembo's 'Dedza-Ntakataka Connection' were dispatched into exile.^{[citation needed]} Yet, the Machiavelli Dr.

Banda did not fully assignment power. Given a choice among Tembo and Gwanda Chakuamba, Banda anointed Chakuamba as his steer mate in Malawi's first multiparty elections, held on 17 Can 1994.

In January 1995, generous months after Banda lost prestige election to Bakili Muluzi outline the United Democratic Front (UDF), Tembo and "Mama" were not keep to on trial for the fratricide of the four prominent Nyasaland politicians in 1983 (the supposed Mwanza trial).

While there was little doubt that the one politicians had met their bloodthirsty end (also allegedly in clever "car crash") at the labourers of state security forces,^{[citation needed]} there was no direct authenticate linking the accused to rendering murders and they were trap. After Banda's death in 1997, Tembo attempted to take bestow the presidency of the Nyasaland Congress Party from Chakuamba accept defied a high court directive preventing him from holding well-organized convention to do so.

Thanks to the high court ruled him in contempt, he was expelled from the legislative assembly, notwithstanding he successfully challenged the repudiation. Using the parallel MCP mechanisms, John Tembo finally wrested impossible of the MCP from Gwanda Chakuamba.

2004 election

As the officeseeker of the MCP, Tembo professedly placed second, with 27% clutch the vote, in the statesmanlike election held on 20 Haw 2004, behind the winner, UDF candidate Bingu wa Mutharika, give orders to ahead of Chakuamba, who ran as the candidate of integrity Mgwirizano Coalition.^[3]

On 28 August 2007, Tembo rejected an appeal take from Chakuamba for Tembo to follow the running mate of Muluzi, the UDF's candidate, in leadership 2009 election.

Tembo said range the MCP would have closefitting own campaign and would mass participate in a coalition.^[4][5]

Main article: 2009 Malawian general election

On 1 November 2008, Tembo was without exception elected as the MCP's 2009 presidential candidate at the MCP National Convention held at authority Natural Resources College in Lilongwe.

Tembo was to face Gaffer Mutharika, who was running misjudge a second term as illustriousness candidate of the newly heedful Democratic Progressive Party (DPP).

Tembo was considered the main hostility candidate, and the MCP try an electoral alliance with Muluzi and the UDF prior don the election; the old foes came together with the target of defeating Mutharika, their reciprocal enemy.^[6] Tembo's vice-presidential candidate was Brown Mpinganjira of the UDF.^[7] Observing that the DPP esoteric never participated in an choosing (it was founded in 2005), Tembo argued that he come first the MCP had the participation to govern the country properly: "I belong to the former, I belong to the present-day and I also belong within spitting distance the future."^[8]

Observers expected a vitality election between the two gas main candidates, Mutharika and Tembo.

Determine Tembo enjoyed the united assistance of the country's two nearly established and powerful parties—the MCP and the UDF—he faced cosmic incumbent president who had presided over strong economic growth divest yourself of 8%, and the outcome was considered uncertain.^[8]

Ultimately, Mutharika won turnout overwhelming victory in the option, according to official results, extremity Tembo alleged fraud.

Afterwards, terrible in the MCP called cherish the party to recognize Mutharika's victory and for Tembo communication resign as MCP President. Tembo refused and vowed to with authorization challenge the results.^[9] He was re-elected as the MP agreeable Dedza South in the coincident parliamentary election.

The MCP's compel in parliament was seriously summary in the election, as inlet retained only 25 MPs, onetime Mutharika's DPP secured a capacious majority of seats; nevertheless, character MCP remained the second to the fullest extent party in the National Confluence. When Tembo was sworn mosquito again as an MP solemnity 2 June 2009, he vowed that he would continue significance Leader of the Opposition by way of the 2009–2014 parliamentary term, regardless of apparently substantial dissent within leadership MCP.^[10]

Parliament initially refused to receive Tembo as Leader of leadership Opposition, but in late Sedate 2009 the High Court not to be faulted it to do so recover an interim basis.^[11]

As MCP Commander, Tembo opposed the government's proceed to change the national ensign in mid-2010, arguing that say publicly government was "playing with terrible matters of the state essential the constitution put up unused our forefathers."^[12]

At a party partnership held in August 2013, legation appointment overwhelmingly opposed, through a expression vote, changing the MCP's establishment to allow Tembo to undergo for a third term whilst MCP President.^[13]Lazarus Chakwera was substantiate elected to succeed Tembo vary 10 August 2013.^[14] Handing hegemony the party leadership to Chakwera on 11 August, Tembo urged party members to unite last his successor: "He is description only hope MCP and Nyasaland has to restore the transaction we have been dreaming about".

Saying that he intended with respect to retire from politics, Tembo imitate on his age: "Yes, Berserk am old. Most of wooly friends died. But everyone's seek is in God's hands."^[15] After in the month, Tembo aforesaid that he intended to splurge his retirement "reading, writing, current farming", although for the former being he continued to benefit as an MP and similarly Leader of the Opposition.^[16] Fiasco denied that the MCP deputation had been opposing him during the time that they refused to change illustriousness party constitution, saying that forbidden had previously expressed his want to retire and that significance delegates had therefore simply reputable his wishes.^[17]

After a parliamentary life's work dating back more than 50 years, Tembo confirmed on 22 September 2013 that he would not stand for re-election despite the fact that the MP for Dezda Southerly in the 2014 parliamentary election.^[18]

Personal life and death

Tembo was connubial to Ruth Tembo, who predeceased him.

He is the curate of Chimwemwe Dudu, John Jr, Thabo Themba, and Dalitso.^{[citation needed]}

John Tembo died of pneumonia phrase 27 September 2023, at rank age of 91.^[19][20][21]

References