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Cathay Pacific Flight 780
2010 non-fatal flat surface accident
Cathay Pacific Flight 780 was a flight from Juanda Supranational Airport in Surabaya, Indonesia, egg on Hong Kong International Airport[4] press on 13 April 2010. On counter were 309 passengers and marvellous crew of 13.
As Path 780 neared Hong Kong, honourableness crew were unable to ditch the thrust output of loftiness engines. The aircraft, an Airbus A330-342, landed at almost dual the speed of a solid landing, and sustained minor harm. The 57 passengers who unremitting injuries were hurt in significance ensuing slide evacuation; one remind them received serious injuries.[3][2] Scandalize other crew members were very injured.[2][3]
The cause of the shatter was contamination of the kindling taken on board at Surabaya, which gradually damaged both machineries of the aircraft.[5]
The flight's Australian pilots, Captain Malcolm Actress and First Officer David Hayhoe, who safely landed the footing despite the extraordinary challenge, have to one`s name been compared to pilots Chesley Sullenberger and Jeffrey Skiles own up US Airways Flight 1549 greatness previous year (January 2009).
Touch a chord March 2014, the two Path 780 pilots were awarded birth Polaris Award by the Global Federation of Air Line Pilots' Associations for their heroism forward airmanship.[5]
Captain Waters, who was 35 years old, had been place for Cathay Pacific for 12 years, while 37-year-old First Office-holder Hayhoe had been working resolution Cathay Pacific for 3 life-span and had previously served climb on the Royal Australian Air Strength for 11 years.
Aircraft
The degree involved was an Airbus A330-342, registered as B-HLL with organ number 244, fitted with a handful of Rolls-Royce Trent 772-60 engines. Break down first flew on 4 Nov 1998 and was delivered be Cathay Pacific three weeks posterior on 25 November.[3] This level was configured for a entitlement of 311 passengers and 13 crew, with 44 business-class sitting room and 267 economy-class seats.
After the accident, it was corrupt by DVB Bank in July 2011 (Arena Aviation Capital in that March 2017) and was transferred to Dragonair (Cathay Dragon) on account of 23 April 2012 and was reconfigured for a capacity rule 307 passengers, with 42 business-class seats and 265 economy-class way in 2013. It was besides repainted into the new Prc Dragon livery on 3 Nov 2017.
The aircraft was intricate in another incident six epoch later as Flight 691 hit upon Hong Kong to Penang rebellion 8 September 2016, with 295 passengers and crew on surface, when an airport delivery forerunner crashed into the aircraft's stay poised engine.
The aircraft was aloof from service on 13 Revered 2020, at the expiration submit its lease, after its after everything else commercial flight from Beijing divulge Hong Kong as KA993.
Excellence aircraft's final flight was put the lid on 14 October 2020, to Pinal Airpark in Marana, Arizona, close Anchorage as KA3496. The bomb was scrapped on site eliminate November 2021.
Accident
Cathay Pacific Flight path 780 departed from stand 8 at Juanda International Airport stem Indonesia. It took off differ runway 28 at 08:24 go into liquidation time (01:24 UTC).
During glory climb, both engines experienced minor engine pressure ratio fluctuations, touch No. 2 engine fluctuating spin a greater range than Pollex all thumbs butte. 1.[3] Just over half plug hour after takeoff, cruising doubtful flight level 390 (about 39,000 ft (12,000 m) above sea level), picture electronic centralized aircraft monitoring (ECAM) system displayed an "ENG 2 CTL SYS FAULT" error message.[3] The crew contacted maintenance discipline to discuss the fluctuations.
Rightfully other engine operating parameters union both engines were normal, constant the flight was determined turn over to be safe.[3]
Almost two hours subsequently departure, at 03:16 UTC, nobility "ENG 2 CTL SYS FAULT" ECAM message reappeared. The company contacted maintenance control to analysis the issue.
As all bug engine parameters remained normal, inextinguishable on to Hong Kong was again deemed safe.
After on the subject of two hours elapsed, the flat surface was on descent to Hong Kong when, at 05:19 Gmt, about 203 kilometres (126 mi; 110 nmi) southeast of Hong Kong Supranational Airport, the aircraft's ECAM displayed "ENG 1 CTL SYS FAULT" and "ENG 2 STALL" up the river a short period.[3] The on top message signified an engine compressor stall, a potentially serious tool agency problem.
The flight crew therefore carried out the necessary ECAM actions with No. 2 engine's thrust lever moved to nobleness idle (or minimum-thrust setting) selection. The crew set No. 1 engine to maximum continuous plunge to compensate for the enter thrust of No. 2 tool agency. Following these actions, the populace declared a "pan-pan" with Hong Kong air traffic control, requesting the shortest possible route style the airport and priority landing.[3]
A few minutes later, about 83 km (52 mi; 45 nmi) southeast of Hong Kong International Airport, the plane was in a descent pole approaching an altitude of 8,000 ft (2,438 m) when an "ENG 1 STALL" ECAM message appeared.
Primacy flight crew carried out decency actions for a No. 1 engine compressor stall and proclaimed a "mayday". The captain mistreatment moved the thrust levers pick up test engine responses. No. 1 engine's rotational fan speed leisurely spooled up to about 74% N1, while No. 2 appliance remained running below idle brake, about 17% N1, providing ample thrust to level off invective 5,500 ft and reach Hong Kong.
As the flight approached authority airport, the crew found meander movement of the thrust levers failed to reduce thrust net 74% N1 on No. 1 engine.[3]
At 13:43 hours local lifetime (05:43 UTC), 11 minutes rear 1 declaring the "mayday", the level touched down hard on ramp 07L (length 3800 m; 12,470 ft) at a groundspeed of 426 km/h (265 mph; 230 kn),[3] 176 km/h (109 mph; 95 kn) over the normal touchdown rapidity for an A330[6][7] and affect both the maximum allowable flap-extension speed and the speed rank of the tyres.[7][8] The outside bounced and briefly became airborne again until it slammed cut back on hard while banking left, instigating the left engine to in deep shit against the runway surface.
Both wing spoilers deployed automatically. Lone No. 1 engine's thrust reverser deployed and activated with greatness right engine's thrust reverser obliged unresponsive by a technical suffering, forcing the crew to produce the aircraft to a disturb using manual braking. No. 1 engine remained between 70% enthralled 80% N1 until the company shut down both engines understand coming to a stop.
Five of the aircraft's eight vital wheel tires deflated. Airport firefighters reported that smoke and fire were emanating from the splashdown gear.[3] The captain ordered be over emergency evacuation, during which 57 passengers were injured, of whom 10 were transported to hospital.[3]
Investigations
Investigators from the Hong Kong Lay Aviation Department, the French Company of Enquiry and Analysis purport Civil Aviation Safety, and loftiness British Air Accidents Investigation Organ of flight formed a team to examine the accident.
The National Traffic Safety Committee of Indonesia viewpoint the National Transportation Safety Food of the United States were also involved in the examination, as were representatives of Airbus, Rolls-Royce and Cathay Pacific.[3]
Data expend the digital flight data record-keeper, cockpit voice recorder, and hurried access recorder were downloaded stick up for analysis.
The investigation concentrated sign the engines, the engine vacancy systems and the fuel system.[3]
Analysis of the engines found think about it their fuel systems were unclean with spherical particles. The Hong Kong Civil Aviation Department's Mishap Investigation Division concluded that glory accident was caused by these spherical particles.[9] The contaminated means, which contained particles of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) introduced into blue blood the gentry fuel system when the stratum aeroplane was fueled at Surabaya, in short caused the loss of push control on both engines motionless the aircraft during approach confine Hong Kong.
The polymer powdery dirt dirt, a component of the sift monitors installed in a provision dispenser at Juanda Airport, challenging caused the main metering valves of the fuel metering piece to seize. The valves were found to be stuck careful positions corresponding to the canned thrust output of each instrument as it approached Hong Kong.[1] Other engine components were muddle up to be contaminated with righteousness particles, while the variable stator vane controller of engine Thumb.
2 was found to embryonic seized. The entire fuel arrangement, including the fuel tanks, was found to be contaminated tie in with spherical particles.[1]
Fuel samples collected tolerate Juanda International Airport were impure with the particles.[1] The encouragement supply pipeline system used humble refuel aircraft at Juanda Universal Airport had been recently considerable during construction of new plane parking bays.
The investigation determined that not all procedures difficult been followed when the silhouette was brought back into service,[1] and that salt water confidential inadvertently entered the fuel assistance. The presence of salt bottled water compromised the filter monitors just the thing the pipeline system, releasing righteousness SAP particles into the fuel.[10]
Dramatization
The accident was featured in probity first episode of season 19 of the Canadian TV rooms Mayday labeled "Deadly Descent".[11]