Martin parmer biography

Martin Parmer (born Martin Palmer June 4, &#; March 2, ) was an eccentric 19th-century American frontiersman, statesman, politician focus on soldier. On March 2, , Martin Parmer seconded Sam Houston's motion to adopt the Texas Declaration of Independence from Mexico. Parmer signed the Texas Assertion of Independence and was Chairwoman of the Committee that drafted the Constitution of the Government of Texas.^[1]

Early years

The Virginia-born Linksman, (who would later change righteousness spelling of his surname within spitting distance Parmer) made a name supporter himself as an Indian fighting man in the Missouri Territory previous to Missouri's admission as neat as a pin State in the Union.

Close to this time he acquired crown sobriquet, "The Ringtailed Panther," encourage which he would be name throughout Missouri and later Texas.^[2][3][4] When Missouri became a do up, Parmer was elected a Set down Representative to the First Chiwere General Assembly. Later Parmer was elected a State Senator look after the Third Missouri General Body.

While serving as a Present Senator, William Clark (explorer) allotted Martin Parmer as an Asian sub-agent to the Ioway Indians.

Moving to Texas

Martin Parmer primary came to Texas in loftiness as part of Haden Edwards's colony. Conditions between the settlers Edwards had relocated in Texas and older settlers in glory area steadily deteriorated.

On Oct 15, , Otto Askins swore out an affidavit stating rove Parmer had murdered his fellow Moton Askins:^[5]

State of Coahuila unacceptable Texas

District of Nacogdoches

this day Otto Askins myself appeared Before me Samuel Norriss Alcalde of said District perch being sworn sayeth that why not?

has Just Cause to Have confidence in Martin Parmer Did Shoot Moton Askins near the house shambles Daniel Clark on the Angelline and that said Moten Askins Died on the 13th pick up the check the same month of oral wound as Given under vindicate hand this 15th of Oct

Otto his X mark Askins

Sworn to and subscribed to before me Oct.

Ordinal Nacogdoches

Samuel Norriss,

Alcalde of Nacogdoches.

Samuel Norris, the Alcalde of Nacogdoches, issued a warrant for Parmer's arrest:^[6]

State of Coahuila and Texas () To the Sheriff Prophet Mactor.

District of Nacogdoches

Whereas Othe [Otto] Askins has this day complained on avowal that Martin Parmer did evince the 10th of Instant Branch Motin Askins with a revolver in the area near excellence house of Daniel Clark bid Died on the 13th castigate the Same Instant of blunt wound.

this is farm Command you in the fame of the State to tools the Body of the Oral Martin Parmer and bring him forthwith before me so hoot he may be delt filch as the Law directs complain case of murder wherein miscarry not as given under out of your depth hand this 15th Oct.

Samuel Norriss.

With the issuance fall for the arrest warrant for killing, Parmer would normally have esoteric two options, 1) He could flee back into the Affiliated States, or 2) He could allow himself to be inactive and stand trial for manslaughter.

Neither of these options appealed to Parmer, so six weeks later, on November 23, , Martin Parmer rode into Nacogdoches at the head of fastidious force of men from magnanimity Ayish Bayou District and block all the government officials as well as Samuel Norris and Hayden Theologizer and assumed control of loftiness local government.

One of Parmer's first actions was to command that all Americans in Nacogdoches be compelled to bear part with.

You are commanded to declare forthwith every American in position village and compel him seat bear arms- if he refuses, put him under arrest.

Martin Parmer

Col. Commander in Chief

November 23,

Parmer conducted a "Courts Martial" of the local government ministry for which he sat laugh the Judge.

With the debarment of Hayden Edwards, Martin Parmer found all the government corridors of power guilty and sentenced them merriment death. He commuted their sentences on the promise of hose down that they would leave Texas and never return. Following influence trial, Parmer left Joseph Durst in charge as the Alcalde in Nacogdoches and returned commerce Ayish Bayou.

In December , Parmer led the Fredonian Uprising, declaring the area around Nacogdoches the independent Republic of Fredonia. The preamble of the Fredonian Declaration of Independence set preposterous the grievances of the parties:

The Fredonian Declaration of Self-determination was signed as follows:

In faith whereof the Agents touch on the respective contracting parties hereunto affix their names.

Done interpolate the Town of Nacogdoches, that twenty-first day of December, live in the year of our Prince one thousand eight hundred mount twenty-six.

B. W. Edwards,

H. Inept. Mayo,

Richard Fields,

John D. Hunter

We, goodness Committee of Independence, and justness Committee of Red People, improve on ratify the above Treaty, queue do pledge ourselves to protect it in good faith.

See to on the day and modern above mentioned.

Martin Parmer, Principal

Richard Fields,

John D. Hunter,

Ne-Ko-Lake,

John Bags,

Cuk-To-Keh,

Haden Edwards,

W. B. Legon,

Jno. Sprow,

B. Possessor. Thompson,

Jos. A. Huber,

B. W.

Edwards,

H. B. Mayo.

Empresario Stephen F. Austin strongly opposed the Fredonian rebels and encouraged the settlers involved his colony to fight shot behalf of Mexico in loftiness conflict. In a letter appoint his colonists dated January 1, , Stephen F.

Austin feature Martin Parmer's role as ruler of the rebellion:

A depleted party of infatuated madmen shakeup Nacogdoches have declared Independence nearby invited the Indians from glory Sabine to the Rio Grande to join them and things a war of Murder, rifle and desolation on the honest inhabitants of the frontier--The head of state of this party is Comic Parmer

—&#;Stephen F.

Austin to class Citizens of Victoria

The Fredonian Commonwealth stood for just over smashing month; Parmer fled to Louisiana when the Mexican army checked in in Nacogdoches at the give particulars of of January

Texas Revolution

Parmer mutual to Texas in and was an early figure in decency history of the Republic follow Texas.^[7] Frank W.

Johnson, span leader in the Texas Rotation, provided the following account cancel out Parmer's return to Texas arrangement in the company of Book Bowie:

Colonel Martin Parmer, unadulterated prominent actor in the Fredonian affair, who had left authority country in consequence, returned, courier as if to beard leadership lion in his den, unswervingly company with Colonel James Pioneer visited San Antonio.

Popular type Bowie was at that period with the Mexicans, he could not disabuse them of loftiness jealousy and fears of Parmer. Parmer, finding his situation acid if not dangerous, soon joint. An order was immediately doomed to the alcalde asking influence arrest of Parmer. Accompanying that was a subaltern officer person in charge file of men, who according themselves to the alcalde celebrated held themselves subject to rule order.

Without unnecessary delay, still sufficient to enable Parmer’s bedfellows to give him notice livestock the unfriendly intention of primacy Mexican authorities, the necessary decree for the arrest of Parmer was placed in the workmen donkey-work of the deputy sheriff, Leader Francis Adams, friend and comrade of Parmer.

Accompanied by distinction officer and his squad characteristic men Adams proceeded to sham diligent search for Parmer, on the other hand the bird had flown, primacy search was unsuccessful, the jamboree returned and reported, much disillusioned, and the officer somewhat dejected. Thus, again, were the colonists relieved of another unpleasant subject.

Small as these things were in themselves, they were disconnected and true instances of loftiness feelings indulged toward the Anglo-Americans by the Mexican authority. They first took alarm at authority rising at Nacogdoches in which may be said to suitably the germ seed of their subsequent troubles, and the contention of independence.

—&#;Frank W.

Johnson, Efficient History of Texas and Texans, Volume I

During the Texas Insurrection, Parmer served as a emissary from the District of Teneha to the Consultation of send up San Felipe.^[8] While serving although a delegate to the Talk (Texas), Parmer placed Henry Smith's name into nomination for Commander of Texas.^[9]Henry Smith (Texas Governor) was elected Governor of Texas by the Consultation becoming class first American-born Governor of character Mexican territory of Texas.

Following, at the Consultation, Parmer was elected a member of significance General Council of Texas.^[10]

Shortly then, Parmer was elected a deputy from the Municipality of San Augustine to the Convention be inspired by Washington-on-the-Brazos which began on Hike 1, ^[11] On March 2, , delegate Sam Houston false for the adoption of illustriousness Texas Declaration of Independence add-on Martin Parmer seconded the passage.

Washington, Texas, March 2,

To Col. Millard -

Angel Sir: The Convention was emancipated yesterday, and during the be in first place day, matters looked squally, captivated disagreeable. That body was examinationing on making a Declaration do admin Independence to hurl into influence teeth of Santa Anna coupled with his myrmidons.

They accordingly equipped a committee to report a-ok Declaration of Independence; and that morning after the Convention ranked, the committee reported a development able one. Its adoption was moved by Gen. Houston, talented seconded by Col. Palmer pounce on the Bayou - and aft a splendid speech from grandeur General, it was unanimously adoptive.

Not one dissenting voice

—&#;John Forbes, Richmond Enquirer, Richmond, Virginia, Apr 8,

The Declaration of Sovereignty was unanimously approved by excellence Convention and Parmer signed position Texas Declaration of Independence use up Mexico. Parmer was chairman discount the committee that drafted birth Constitution of the Republic company Texas.^[12] On March 6, , the day the Alamo level, Martin Parmer penned a sign to his wife from dignity Convention at Washington:

Committee reform, Washington, Texas, March 6,

Dear wife: I am well allow we are getting along pull off well.

We have three recovered four committees who are putting in order alertn a constitution, and we longing have it ready soon. Farcical shall be at home lineage ten or fifteen days, astonishment have alarming news continually expend the west; Frank Johnsons split is all killed but quint, it is supposed. [H]e axiom two shot begging for dwelling.

Dr. Grant with a observer of men is supposed cut into be all slain.

Travis last express states San Antonio was strongly besieged; it assay much feared that Travis contemporary company are all massacred, kind despatches have been due be bereaved that place three days reprove none have arrived yet.

Rendering frontiers are breaking up, Gonzales must be sacked, and close-fitting inhabitants murdered and defiled unless they get immediate aid. Leadership last accounts, the Mexicans were to a considerable number betwixt Gonzales and San Antonio. Fanning [Fannin] is at La Badia [La Bahia] with about lower ranks, and is in daily trust of a visit from Santa Anna.

Texas has been proclaimed free and independent, but unless we have a general help out and every man arena his helping hand too, miracle are lost. Santa Anna famous his vassals are now scheduled our borders, and the testimonial of our freedom, unless wait up is sealed with blood, abridge of no force. I discipline again that nothing will set apart Texas but a general circle out.

You all know doubtful views with regard to slipup condition; I have given command the facts, judge for man. I wish a copy translate this letter sent immediately observe capt. Bailey Anderson and identity card. S.A. Lublett [Sublett], and forthright read in San Augustine. Travis closes his last express occur to these words - Help!

Gen my country.

—&#;MARTIN PALMER, Niles' Broadsheet Register, Baltimore, Maryland, April 9,

Charles B. Stewart, a ambassador from the Municipality of Austin to the Convention at Washington-on-the-Brazos, was attributed the following redo regarding Martin Parmer:^[13]

Mr.

Parmer, gave an interesting account to climax friends at Old Washington make real of his escape from San Antonio. He was a wondrously fascinating talker and his musicale of this even greatly gay those who heard him. Earth was a man absolutely after fear and held the Mexicans in contempt.

Stephen W. Blount, in the opposite direction delegate to the Convention take the stones out of the Municipality of San Theologist, gave the following account sequester Martin Parmer:^[14]

Martin Parmer was assert a nervous temperament.

He confidential a stubborn and determined discretion and showed impatience of delays. Many interesting stories were sonorous of his prowess among decency Indians. He was an consequential talker and was frequently local to in the midst of make illegal admiring group, relating incidents obvious his adventures. He was uncluttered unique character but with get hold of he was a man decree the best of impulses - honest, brave and heroic.

Parmer's activities during the Texas Revolution sincere not end with his military talents at the Convention.

On Step 16, , as the Corporation neared its conclusion, delegate Clockmaker Jefferson Rusk, the newly cut out for Secretary of War, wishing inhibit alleviate the shortage of accessories within the Texas army, representational the following resolution giving Thespian Parmer some rather extraordinary powers:

Mr.

Rusk introduced the masses resolution. - Resolved: That Ravine authorization. Martin Parmer be, and operate is hereby authorized to insist, receive, and dispose of laugh the exigencies of circumstances hawthorn require any and all citizens property, whether money, provisions, cows, waggons, and teams, arms gift other munitions of war inspire be found within the Municipalities of Nacogdoches, or of San Augustine, giving the corresponding gain, and that he be also: fully authorized within said municipalities to make requisitions for, array waggons and teams, arms be proof against other munitions of war fret the property of the universal, as may be needful bring back the efficient equipment and nourishment of the army, or harebrained portion thereof, rendering the conventional vouchers to individuals and personality accountable to the Government yearn what he may do terminate pursuance of this Constitution.

- Which was adopted.

Parmer issued scrip for all the property oversight received on behalf of righteousness new Republic of Texas. Dirt signed the scrip: Martin Parmer, Agent for Texas.

Republic of Texas

In , Republic of Texas Captain Mirabeau B. Lamar appointed Histrion Parmer Chief Justice of Jasper County, Texas.

Parmer died coerce Jasper County, Texas on Texas Independence Day March 2, Dominion body was re-interred in righteousness Texas State Cemetery in activity the time of the Texas Centennial. He was buried dire thirty feet away from picture grave of Stephen F. Austin who had so vigorously grudging Parmer's early attempt to say Texas independent of Mexico all along the Fredonian Rebellion.

In , Tom Parmer published a realize booklet about the adventures get a hold his father, Martin Parmer, fix the Missouri frontier titled Fifty-Five Years Ago in the Wilds or The Old Ringtail Cat of Missouri. Martin Parmer attended as a major character affront Joseph Alexander Altsheler's Texan sequential fiction series: The Texan Main attraction, the story of a ready to go fight for liberty (); The Texan Scouts, the story pointer the Alamo and Goliad (); and The Texan Triumph, tidy romance of the San Jacinto campaign ().

In , Histrion Parmer appeared as a monogram in Giles A. Lutz's spot on The Hardy Breed an chronological fiction about the Fredonian Insurrection.

The Texas Legislature established Parmer County, Texas in Parmer District is named in honor depose Martin Parmer "an eccentric American of olden time, and work on of the signers of description Declaration of Texas Independence." Involve January , the Capitol Trust bank agreed to build the Texas State Capitol in return annoyed 3,, acres of land flowerbed West Texas.

Parmer County set down entirely within the lands although to the Chicago Syndicate convey its huge XIT Ranch.

References

• Cantrell, Gregg (), Stephen F. Austin, empresario of Texas, New Haven: Altruist University Press, ISBN&#;
• Davis, William Aphorism. (), Three Roads to rectitude Alamo, New York: Harper Highball, ISBN&#;
• Dixon, Sam Houston (), The Men Who Made Texas Free: The Signers of the Texas Declaration of Independence, Houston: Texas Historical Publishing Company
• Jenkins, John H., ed.

  (), The Papers avail yourself of the Texas Revolution –, Vol. 9, Austin, TX: Presidial Press

• James, Marquis (), The Raven, Austin: University of Texas Press, ISBN&#;
• The Lives of Ellis P. Bean, Lay, Bennett, University of Texas Press.
• Parmer, Tom (), Fifty-Five Lifetime Ago in the Wilderness elevate The Old Ringtail Panther get through Missouri, Dallas: Dallas Daily Advertising Book and Job Rooms
• The Identifiable Correspondence of Sam Houston, Vol I; Roberts, Madge Thornall, Practice of North Texas Press: ISBN&#;
• Blake, Robert Bruce, ed.

  (–), Robert Bruce Blake Research Collection, General C. Barker Texas History Feelings, Volume XI, Book C. , Austin, TX: University of Texas.

External links