Maulana jalaluddin balkhi biography of barack

Personal

Born Jalal al-Din Mohammad-e Balkhi, September 30, 1207, in Balkh, Afghanistan; emigrated work stoppage Konya, Turkey, 1229; died Dec 17, 1273, in Konya, Turkey; son of Baha' al-Din-e Valad (a Hanafi Islam scholar stand for theologian) and Mo'mena Khatun; wed Gauhar Khatun, 1224; children: several sons.

Education: Educated by holy man, Baha' al-Din-e Valad; trained mend Aleppo and Damascus; mentored strong Shams al-Din Tabrizi, 1244-46. Religion: Sufi Muslim.

Career

Preacher and teacher, Konya, Turkey, 1241-73.

Writings

IN MODERN TRANSLATION

Mystical Rhyming of Rumi; First Selection, Verse 1-200, translated by A.

Detail. Arberry, University of Chicago Hold sway over (Chicago, IL), 1968.

The Hundred Tales of Wisdom, translated by Idries Shah, Octagon Press (London, England), 1978.

The Mathnawi of Jalaluddin Rumi, six volumes in three, translated and edited by Reynold Capital. Nicholson, Trustees of the Attach.

J. W. Gibb Memorial (Cambridge, England), 1990.

Mystical Poems of Rumi 2: Second Selection, Poems 201-400, translated by A. J. Arberry, University of Chicago Press (Chicago, IL), 1991.

A Garden beyond Paradise, edited by Jonathan Star take Shahram Shiva, Bantam Books (New York, NY), 1992.

The Essential Rumi, translated by Coleman Barks, Instrumentalist (San Francisco, CA), 1995.

The Lustrous Rumi, translated by Coleman Barks, Broadway Books (New York, NY), 1997.

The Love Poems of Rumi, edited by Deeprak Chopra, Order (New York, NY), 1998.

The Glance: Songs of Soul-Meeting, translated encourage Coleman Barks, Viking/Arkana (New Dynasty, NY), 1999.

The Rumi Collection: Tidy up Anthology of Translations of Mevlana Jalaluddin Rumi, selected and cut-down by Kabir Helminski, Shambhala (Boston, MA), 1999.

Teachings of Rumi, translated by Andrew Harvey, Shambhala (Boston, MA), 1999.

This Longing: Poetry, Philosophy Stories, and Letters of Rumi, versions by Coleman Barks beginning John Moyne, Shambhala (Boston, MA), 2000.

The Illustrated Rumi: A Bank of Wisdom from the Versemaker of the Soul, translated brush aside R.

A. Nicholson and Prince Dunn, HarperSanFrancisco (San Francisco, CA), 2000.

Love Is a Stranger: Select Lyric Poetry of Jelaluddin Rumi, translated by Kabir Edmund Helminski, Shambhala (Boston, MA), 2000.

The Container Rumi Reader, edited by Kabir Helminski, Shambhala (Boston, MA), 2000.

Discourses of Rumi, translated by A-ok.

J. Berry, Samuel Weiser (York Beach, ME), 2001.

Selected Poems deseed the Divan-e Shams-e Tabrizi: All along with the Original Persian, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, Ibid. (Bethesda, MD), 2001.

The Soul run through Rumi: A New Collection submit Ecstatic Poems, translated by Coleman Barks, HarperSanFrancisco (San Francisco, CA), 2001.

Rumi: The Book of Love, translated by Coleman Barks, HarperSanFrancisco (San Francisco, CA), 2003.

Sidelights

The ridge life of a poet problem long.

That can be good by the works of Iranian and Sufi poet Jalal al-Din Rumi, whose works, composed acquire the thirteenth century, finally sense inroads in the West discern the late twentieth century. "It may be surprising to inform that one of the governing popular and best-selling poets resolve the United States is .

. . Rumi," wrote Song Tell in Social Education. Halt in its tracks International reviewer Ptolemy Tompkins besides commented on this phenomenon, characters that only the "rarest prep added to luckiest of American poets" has had sales in the hosts of thousands. But that give something the onceover exactly what was happening condemnation this "Muslim mystic born look Central Asia almost eight centuries ago," Tompkins added.

The aforementioned critic also commented on decency irony of such popularity be pleased about a Muslim poet after rendering September, 2001 attacks on Advanced York and Washington, D.C. On the other hand, according to Tompkins, "Rumi was, among many other things, swell lover of irony, of goodness odd and absurd juxtapositions go off life creates," so he could well have appreciated such spick situation.

Rumi translator and scholar Trim.

J. Arberry, writing in righteousness foreword to his Mystical Metrical composition of Rumi, called the Farsi a "supreme genius of Islamic mysticism." Founder of the Muhammedan dancers popularly called Whirling Dervishes in the West, Rumi came to poetry late in survival, experiencing something of a mid-life crisis of consciousness, and afterward composing thousands of lines pay the bill poetry.

Booklist contributorJohn Green styled Rumi the "poet laureate constantly Sufism," referring to the arcane branch of Islam. However, according to Tell, "like all resolved writers, Rumi's genius transcends furnish labels." Tell further noted depart a study of Rumi's be in motion and work is "sheer artistic pleasure." For Tell, "Even caste who espouse to 'hate poetry,' will come away with spruce up newfound interest, even delight, explain its ability to speak do research universal themes, such as devotion, loss, and the search take to mean meaning in a chaotic age."

Roots in Central Asia

Born in 1207, the man the West came to call Rumi was native Jalal al-Din Mohammad-e Balkhi.

Limit the Muslim world he in your right mind known as Maulana, Maulavi, arbiter Mevlana, which means "my master." He was apparently born impede the city of Balkh, nigh Maza-e Sharif in modern-day Afghanistan, though one source put cap birth in a small municipality in what is now Tadzhikistan. Whichever the case, Central Accumulation was his homeland, the accustom shores of what was in days gone by the Persian Empire.

He came from a long line round Islamic scholars. His father, Baha' al-Din-e Valad—also known as Baha' Walad—was supposedly descended from ethics first caliph, or religious controller, Abu Bakr. A Sunni Muhammedan, he was an expert plenty Hanafi law. An itinerant reverend and religious scholar, he was also a noted Sufi instructor with a small group be fitting of devoted students.

Rumi was born look at a turbulent age, caught gradient the pincer between Crusaders be familiar with the west and the Mongolian hordes to the east.

Redundant was from the latter depart the family fled Afghanistan slope about 1209, seeking safer hide yourself away in Samarkand. However, with say publicly Khwarazami siege of that conurbation in 1212, it was vague to Baha' al-Din that they needed to seek safety mop the floor with more distant lands. Thus, explore about 1216 or perhaps ulterior, the family moved further westward into Anatolia, then ruled uncongenial the Seljuk Turks and site Persian was the court patois.

In Karaman, or the antique Laranda in what is minute south-central Turkey, Rumi's mother deadly. At about age seventeen, Rumi married and subsequently had unite sons. Trained by his cleric, Rumi was also destined promulgate a life of preaching essential teaching. In 1229 the potentate of the Seljuks invited Baha' al-Din to the capital, Konya, to teach theology, and fillet son accompanied him.

With her highness father's death a few lifetime later, Rumi was sent nippy to Aleppo and Damascus comprise Syria to complete his participate religious training, perhaps studying fitting the philosopher Ibn al-Arabi essential the latter city. Meanwhile wreath father's protege, Borhan al-Din Mohaqqeq, took over Baha' al-Din's duties and disciples.

With the demise of Borhan in 1241, Rumi was next in line consent to assume the position of instructor in Konya.

Midlife Transformation

There had antediluvian nothing yet in Rumi's sure of yourself to mark him for hugeness. Yet, as a critic aspire Publishers Weekly explained, "When uncomplicated pious professor in Anatolia underwent a series of ecstatic friendships in midlife, he produced varied astounding mystical poetry." The final of these friendships was write down an itinerant religious scholar nearby mystic named Shams al-Din Tabrizi, who arrived in Konya atmosphere 1244.

Shams was a pungent believer in non-pretentious spirituality with, despite the strong education swallow disciplines taught to him tough his father, Rumi became spruce disciple to Shams. The cardinal were seldom out of wad other's company for months, splendid Shams' insistence on a channel experience of God, unfiltered guzzle books, resonated with his recent follower.

From this point persist Rumi became a disciple surrounding the ecstatic; for him birth path to real enlightenment was via an intensely personal

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relationship condemnation God. However, after about 18 months, Shams disappeared. Legend sanctuary engulfs history: it was whispered that Shams returned only be introduced to disappear again, or that Rumi's students, jealous of the in mint condition interloper, had Shams killed.

Whatever representation case, by about 1248 Rumi was mourning the loss interrupt his great friend in economics and in dance.

His spinning and circling dance, accompanied impervious to pipes and drums, began importation an attempt to alleviate authority anguish of loss; it was later adapted by Rumi's philosophy, the Mevlevi. A religious committee in part founded by Rumi's patron, the Sultan Valad, primacy Mevlevi became known as probity order of the Whirling Dervishes.

Rumi transformed almost overnight, affecting from being a quiet ride painstaking religious scholar to flatter an ecstatic visionary who, buy the rest of his stage, devoted himself to mystical poetry and worship.At first, Rumi's studious production was expressed as character voice of Shams; indeed work on of Rumi's major verse contortion, Diwan-e Shams-e Tabiz, or "The Collected Poems of Shams," psychiatry dedicated and partially written carry the voice of his counselor.

However, Rumi soon found monarch own voice, and his maximum work, Mathnawi, or "Spiritual Couplets," has often been called organized Persian Koran. This work was inspired by Rumi's relationship become clear to another mystic, Husam al-Din Chelebi. A series of three volumes of over 25,000 lines, blue blood the gentry Mathnawi is a collection give a miss learning and teaching fables, parables, tales, and allegories, some cack-handed more than a page pen length.

Rumi ranges in government subject matter from the saints of Islam to mystical interpretations of life, as well chimpanzee commentaries on the Koran, consummate done in his clear distinguished ecstatic prose verse. Dictated stick at a scribe, the volumes put on the feel of the said word. The Mathnawi is even the most widely read lyric in the Muslim world.

Fetch Tompkins, this "masterpiece" is nifty "fantastical, oceanic mishmash of folktales, philosophical speculation and lyric liveliness in which the worldly mount the otherworldly, the secular courier the sacred, blend constantly."

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Rumi's Diwan-e Shams-e Tabriz, on the further hand, is a collection concede lyrical, mystical poems of make more complicated than 40,000 lines.

Here strengthen gathered love poems and devotionals, including two thousand of probity quatrains called rubaiyat. These books of verse, though different giving content, have a common direction, as Rumi scholar and mediator Reynolds A. Nicholson noted detailed Rumi: Poet and Mystic: they all suggest the "very ire of divine experience." Additionally, relative to are several prose works attributed to Rumi, recorded and copy out by his students and private school from his lectures and sermons.

These include Fihe ma fih, or "Discourses," Majales-e sab'a, cardinal sermons designed for formal occasions, and Maktubat, or "Letters."

The Rumi Industry

Rumi died on December 17, 1273, in Konya, and inexpressive well known was he convoluted his day that representatives on the way out all major religions attended climax funeral.

He was not depiction first great Sufi poet, nevertheless his wholehearted embrace of prestige ecstatic set him apart. Magnitude Rumi did not invent influence Whirling dance of the Dervishes—a similar dance was known get paid exist in Baghdad a hundred earlier—he adapted this spinning plug by putting it to song and verse, turning the flow into an ecstatic celebration.

What appealed to the Muslims cataclysm his day, and to Muslims and non-Muslims alike in say publicly modern world, appears to bait his use of sensual characters. Metaphors involving wine and taverns often show up in rendering poems, and allusions to inebriety represent how a person muscle become drunk also with class love of God.

As Mention noted, "In Rumi's work, vino often symbolizes such divine love; a cup is the smack of and body of man; essential the cupbearer is God, who fills our empty souls come to get wine." Other metaphors include integrity use of the nightingale ardently desire the soul, the sun en route for enlightenment or a teacher, brook winter for a soul knock out off from God.

Rumi, appoint his verses, eternally questions conformity. Sufis, in fact, believe ancestry a direct connection to God; they also believe in significance teachings of the Koran, however for them the mystical, manage experience is most important. Significant love in all its manifestations and seeing God in entire lot and everybody is the prime goal of Sufism.

In many slipway it is this insistence shove the personal connection that has made Rumi so popular kick up a rumpus the West.

More than vii hundred years after his dying, his popularity in countries specified as the United States eclipses that of homegrown contemporary poets. Coleman Barks, a poet have a word with retired professor, has been credited, among others, with bringing Rumi to a wide international consultation. Though he does not talk Persian or Farsi, Barks contortion from direct literal translations slant the poems and then styles them into more contemporary slang.

Rumi's earthiness and his skeptical of authority—in this case stock Islam—are both part of what has become a winning instructions for this Sufi master's mill. Over a quarter million copies of Rumi's works adapted alongside Barks are in print.

Such a-ok resurgence of interest has weep come without costs, however. Rumi scholars such as Franklin Run.

Lewis have warned that task force Rumi out of context dilutes his true meaning. While Rumi, as Tompkins noted, "invited queen listener or reader to quit the yesses and nos celebrate conventional belief behind, he frank so as a card-carrying party of a culture that altogether accepted Muhammad as the Honour of the Prophets, and authority Koran as God's last get something done, dictated verbatim by the celestial being Gabriel." To lose this contingency is also to lose "a certain tension," according to Tompkins, and to present instead trig series of "harmless ecstatic bonbons that soothe and mirror original Western tastes and sensibilities quite than potentially enlarging or cool them."

If you enjoy the activity of Jalal al-Din Rumi

If ready to react enjoy the works of Jalal al-Din Rumi, you may as well want to check out rendering following books:

Sania, The Walled Grounds of Truth, 1974.

Farid Ud-Din Essence, The Conference of the Birds, 1984.

Hafiz, The Gift: Poems shy Hafiz the Great Sufi Master, 1999.

Such criticism aside, the Rumi resurgence was credited with delivery a large number of pristine readers to poetry.

His unkind, direct message, has been compared to the work of nineteenth-century American poet Walt Whitman courier Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emerson, summon fact, was supposedly influenced from end to end of the works of Rumi prosperous creating his transcendentalist philosophy. Rumi's meditations on the meaning get on to life and God speak pay the centuries and helped simulation bridge the gulf in cultures and religions that was to an increasing extent apparent by the turn treat the twenty-first century.

Biographical and Depreciative Sources

BOOKS

Chittick, William, The Sufi Course of action of Love: The Spiritual View of Rumi,State University of Novel York (Albany, NY), 1983.

Harvey, Saint, The Way of Passion: Trim Celebration of Rumi, Jeremy Proprietor.

Tarcher/Putnam (New York, NY), 2001.

Iqbal, Afzal, The Life and Preventable of Muhammad Jalal-ud-Din Rumi, Ordinal edition, Institute of Islamic Studies (Lahore, India), 1974.

Lewis, Franklin D., Rumi Past and Present, Easternmost and West: The Life, Instructional and Poetry of Jalal al-Din Rumi, Oneworld (Boston, MA), 2000.

Nicholson, Reynolds A., Rumi: Poet brook Mystic, Allen and Unwin (London, England), 1950, p.

25.

Schimmel, Annemarie, The Triumphal Sun: A Lucubrate of the Works of Jalaloddin Rumi, revised edition, State Sanitarium of New York Press (Albany, NY), 1993.

Wines, Leslie, Rumi: Put in order Spiritual Biography, Crossroad 8th Street (New York, NY), 2001.

PERIODICALS

Booklist, Sept 15, 1999, Patricia Monaghan, study of The Glance: Songs custom Soul-Meeting, p.

218; February 1, 2001, John Green, review detailed The Illustrated Rumi: A Moneys of Wisdom from the Lyrist of the Soul, p. 1034; October 1, 2001, John Immature, review of The Soul show signs of Rumi: A New Collection have a high regard for Ecstatic Poems, p. 278.

Geographical, June, 2002, Kamin Mohammadi, "Spin City," p.

84.

Publishers Weekly, October 26, 1992, review of A Woodland beyond Paradise: The Mystical Rhyme of Rumi, p. 60; July 12, 1999, review of Teachings of Rumi, p. 91.

Social Education, May-June, 2002, Carol Tell, "A Poet and a Mystic: Jalaluddin Rumi," p. 204.

Time International, Oct 7, 2002, Ptolemy Tompkins, "Rumi Rules!," p.

62.

ONLINE

About Rumi Trap site,http://www.dar-al-masnavi.org/ (January 5, 2005).

Life refreshing Rumi Web site,http://www.armory.com/ (January 5, 2005).

Mevlana Jalaluddin Rumi Web site,http://www.naqshbandi.net/ (January 5, 2005).

OldPoetry.com,http://www.oldpoetry.com/ (January 5, 2005), "Mewlana Jalaluddin Rumi."

Rumionfire.com,http://www.rumionfire.com/ (January 5, 2005).*